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中考英语形容词/副词比较级最高级变化形式总结


1 、一般情况下,单音节或双音节的形容词(或副词)比较级+er , 最高级+est

clev%er-cleverer-cleverest few-fewer-fewest small-smaller-smallest

young-younger-youngest tall-taller-tallest long-longer longest

short-shorter-shortest strong-stronger-strongest warm-warmer-warmest

slow-slower-slowest old-older-oldest high-higher-highest

light-lighter-lightest fast-faster-fastest great—greater—greatest

cool-cooler-coolest clean-cleaner-cleanest cheap-cheaper-cheapest

quick-quicker-quickest

2、以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st;

nice-nicer-nicest late-later-latest able-abler-ablest

brave-braver-bravest

cute-cuter-cutest large-larger-largest close-closer-closest(亲密的)

fine-finer-finest white-whiter-whitest free- freer-freest(免费的)

3、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;

easy-easier-easiest happy-happier-happiest early-earlier-earliest

busy-busier-busiest heavy-heavier-heaviest dirty-dirtier-dirtiest

lazy-lazier-laziest dry-drier-driest pretty-prettier-prettiest

funny-funnier-funniest healthy-healthier-healthiest

4、在重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;

fat-fatter-fattest thin-thinner-thinnest hot-hotter-hottest

fit-fitter-fittest(合适的) red-redder-reddest wet-wetter-wettest

big-bigger-biggest sad-sadder-saddest

5、其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most;

beautiful -more beautiful - most beautiful

careful-more careful-most careful

intelligent-more intelligent-most intelligent

expensive delicious(美味的) popular(流行的) important(重要的) interesting(有趣的) afraid(害怕)quickly(迅速地的) quietly (安静地)

6、 少数单音节词也是这样;

pleased-more pleased -most pleased

tired-more tried -most tired

7、少数不规则形容词、副词的比较级和最高级,必须熟记。

good/ well—better—best little—less—least bad/ill—worse—worst

old—older/elder—oldest/eldest many/much—more—most

far—further/farther— furthest(表示距离)/farthest(表示程度)

特别提醒:

◇further不仅可以指“距离更远”,还可指“程度更深”。记住以下三个词组:further study(进修)further education(继续教育) further information (进一步的信息)

◇elder仅用于同辈之间的排行,如: elder sister(姐姐) elder brother (哥哥)

◇less作为“更少”仅用来修饰不可数名词,修饰可数名词表示“更少”要用fewer。

特别提醒:以形容前缀un构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况,

如:unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest, untidy-untidier-untidiest

◇以形容词+ly构成的副词要在前面加 more,most

如:Slowly-more slowly-most slowly quickly-more quickly-most quickly

特别提醒:early -earlier-earliest

◇由ing分词和-ed分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know→known)只能加more或most来表示它们的比较级和最高级。

interesting-more interesting -most interesting excited-more excited -most exciting

tired-more tired -most tired boring-more boring -most boring

◇少数单音节词前面加 more, most 构成比较级和最高级,

这类形容词一般为表语形容词和由过去分词变成的形容词

afraid -more afraid, most afraid tired – more tired , most tired

fond – more fond , most fond glad -more glad , most glad

bored – more bored , most bored pleased—- more pleased , most pleased

◇下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级有两种形式,即:既可加-er/-est也可加more/most strict, often, friendly, clever

◇下列形容词和副词没有比较级和最高(即表示“最高程度”或“绝对状态”的形容词和副词没有比较级和最高级)如:empty, wrong, perfect, unique, extreme, excellent, favorite, true, right, correct, extremely …

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