中考英语形容词/副词比较级最高级变化形式总结
1 、一般情况下,单音节或双音节的形容词(或副词)比较级+er , 最高级+est
clev%er-cleverer-cleverest few-fewer-fewest small-smaller-smallest
young-younger-youngest tall-taller-tallest long-longer longest
short-shorter-shortest strong-stronger-strongest warm-warmer-warmest
slow-slower-slowest old-older-oldest high-higher-highest
light-lighter-lightest fast-faster-fastest great—greater—greatest
cool-cooler-coolest clean-cleaner-cleanest cheap-cheaper-cheapest
quick-quicker-quickest
2、以不发音e结尾的单音节词,比较在原级后加-r,最高级在原级后加-st;
nice-nicer-nicest late-later-latest able-abler-ablest
brave-braver-bravest
cute-cuter-cutest large-larger-largest close-closer-closest(亲密的)
fine-finer-finest white-whiter-whitest free- freer-freest(免费的)
3、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词, 把y改为i,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;
easy-easier-easiest happy-happier-happiest early-earlier-earliest
busy-busier-busiest heavy-heavier-heaviest dirty-dirtier-dirtiest
lazy-lazier-laziest dry-drier-driest pretty-prettier-prettiest
funny-funnier-funniest healthy-healthier-healthiest
4、在重读闭音节(即:辅音+元音+辅音)中,先双写末尾的辅音字母,比较级加-er,最高级加-est;
fat-fatter-fattest thin-thinner-thinnest hot-hotter-hottest
fit-fitter-fittest(合适的) red-redder-reddest wet-wetter-wettest
big-bigger-biggest sad-sadder-saddest
5、其他双音节词和多音节词,比较级在前面加more,最高级在前面加most;
beautiful -more beautiful - most beautiful
careful-more careful-most careful
intelligent-more intelligent-most intelligent
expensive delicious(美味的) popular(流行的) important(重要的) interesting(有趣的) afraid(害怕)quickly(迅速地的) quietly (安静地)
6、 少数单音节词也是这样;
pleased-more pleased -most pleased
tired-more tried -most tired
7、少数不规则形容词、副词的比较级和最高级,必须熟记。
good/ well—better—best little—less—least bad/ill—worse—worst
old—older/elder—oldest/eldest many/much—more—most
far—further/farther— furthest(表示距离)/farthest(表示程度)
特别提醒:
◇further不仅可以指“距离更远”,还可指“程度更深”。记住以下三个词组:further study(进修)further education(继续教育) further information (进一步的信息)
◇elder仅用于同辈之间的排行,如: elder sister(姐姐) elder brother (哥哥)
◇less作为“更少”仅用来修饰不可数名词,修饰可数名词表示“更少”要用fewer。
特别提醒:以形容前缀un构成的三音节形容词不适合上述情况,
如:unhappy-unhappier-unhappiest, untidy-untidier-untidiest
◇以形容词+ly构成的副词要在前面加 more,most
如:Slowly-more slowly-most slowly quickly-more quickly-most quickly
特别提醒:early -earlier-earliest
◇由ing分词和-ed分词演变过来的形容词(包括不规则动词如know→known)只能加more或most来表示它们的比较级和最高级。
interesting-more interesting -most interesting excited-more excited -most exciting
tired-more tired -most tired boring-more boring -most boring
◇少数单音节词前面加 more, most 构成比较级和最高级,
这类形容词一般为表语形容词和由过去分词变成的形容词
afraid -more afraid, most afraid tired – more tired , most tired
fond – more fond , most fond glad -more glad , most glad
bored – more bored , most bored pleased—- more pleased , most pleased
◇下列形容词和副词的比较级和最高级有两种形式,即:既可加-er/-est也可加more/most strict, often, friendly, clever
◇下列形容词和副词没有比较级和最高(即表示“最高程度”或“绝对状态”的形容词和副词没有比较级和最高级)如:empty, wrong, perfect, unique, extreme, excellent, favorite, true, right, correct, extremely …
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